PREPARATION
1.1 Description
Site
preparation work consists of site clearance, survey, cutting, imported fill,
embankment and construction of ditches for drainage. Work of this section
includes all measurement and materials required to complete the supply,
execution and construction of site preparation.
1.2 Site Clearance
The contractor shall
clear, from all areas planned for the work, all buildings, materials, debris,
etc, prior to the cutting and filling work taking all necessary precautions to
prevent damage to the existing road structures and buildings or other
facilities, in the area, which shall not be demolished.
1.3 Survey
Prior to commencement of the
work, the contractor shall check the existing bench marks and reference points
located on or out of the site as indicated. The contractor shall establish newly
standard bench marks and points for the works within the site with the agreement
of the Engineer.
a.
Traversing
Prior to execution of the works the contractor shall check
the existing reference points, and the results shall be submitted to the
Engineer for approval.
b. Principal
points
Principal points shall be established taking advantage of the
existing reference points.
Individual principal point posts shall be of wood,
15cm x 15 cm size, with an indicating nail on the top, the surface of the post
above the ground shall be painted white.
c. Bench marks
When establishing bench marks
within the site, a minimum
Saturday, May 5, 2012
EARTH WORK
2. EARTH WORK
2.1 Scope of Work
Earth work consists of excavation, back filling and disposal of surplus Material. Work of this section includes all measures and materials required to
complete the design supply, support, use, construction, removal of earth work.
2.2 Excavation
The ground shall be excavated to the lengths, widths and exact depths required for the construction of the works. The contractor shall examine any unsuitable or weak ground material, standards of which are given below and shall report the situation in writing to the Engineer before executing concrete or any other Works.
if the surface of a subgrade is found to be unstable or to include any type of refuse subject to removal in the opinion of the Engineer, the contractor shall excavate and remove such unsuitable Material to the width and depth required by the Engineer. Any excavation to a level lower than that indicated on the drawings shall be compensated for filling with concrete mix (1:4:8)
2.1 Scope of Work
Earth work consists of excavation, back filling and disposal of surplus Material. Work of this section includes all measures and materials required to
complete the design supply, support, use, construction, removal of earth work.
2.2 Excavation
The ground shall be excavated to the lengths, widths and exact depths required for the construction of the works. The contractor shall examine any unsuitable or weak ground material, standards of which are given below and shall report the situation in writing to the Engineer before executing concrete or any other Works.
if the surface of a subgrade is found to be unstable or to include any type of refuse subject to removal in the opinion of the Engineer, the contractor shall excavate and remove such unsuitable Material to the width and depth required by the Engineer. Any excavation to a level lower than that indicated on the drawings shall be compensated for filling with concrete mix (1:4:8)
PILE WORK
3. PILE WORK
3. 1 Preamble 3.1.1 Scope of work
The work comprises supplying of labor, materials, plants, equipment, temporary huts and all other items necessary for the design and installation of the piles as shown on the drawings and described in these specification.
The work is to be executed in accordance with specification and contract documents and to the satisfaction of the Engineer. All tenders shall therefore furnish information about the type of piles they specialize in and other relevant details of design, execution, equipment, testing, etc, complete, in support of their capabilities.
The whole of the work and materials shall conform to the current edition of relevant British standards and codes of practice.
3. 1. 2 Responsibility for design and workmanship
The piling contractor will be responsible for designing and
3. 1 Preamble 3.1.1 Scope of work
The work comprises supplying of labor, materials, plants, equipment, temporary huts and all other items necessary for the design and installation of the piles as shown on the drawings and described in these specification.
The work is to be executed in accordance with specification and contract documents and to the satisfaction of the Engineer. All tenders shall therefore furnish information about the type of piles they specialize in and other relevant details of design, execution, equipment, testing, etc, complete, in support of their capabilities.
The whole of the work and materials shall conform to the current edition of relevant British standards and codes of practice.
3. 1. 2 Responsibility for design and workmanship
The piling contractor will be responsible for designing and
CONCRETE WORK
4. CONCRETE WORK
4.1 Description
Concrete work shall consist of mixing, conveying, placing of concrete , for work and reinforcement Work, (it is inclusive of all measures and materials required removal of concrete forms and reinforcement).
4.2 Material
All materials used in the work shall be the best of their kind and shall conform in quality and treatment to the conditions herein specified. The contractor shall submit to the Engineer when required and at his own expense, samples of all materials to be used in the works. The quality of the samples so provided being representative of the Bulk of such materials. The construction of all concrete and reinforced concrete work shall commence at points approved by Engineer and shall be continued and completed in accordance with the
4.1 Description
Concrete work shall consist of mixing, conveying, placing of concrete , for work and reinforcement Work, (it is inclusive of all measures and materials required removal of concrete forms and reinforcement).
4.2 Material
All materials used in the work shall be the best of their kind and shall conform in quality and treatment to the conditions herein specified. The contractor shall submit to the Engineer when required and at his own expense, samples of all materials to be used in the works. The quality of the samples so provided being representative of the Bulk of such materials. The construction of all concrete and reinforced concrete work shall commence at points approved by Engineer and shall be continued and completed in accordance with the
Fixing of reinforcement
4.10.2 Fixing of reinforcement
The steel reinforcement shall be assembled
to
the
exact
shapes
and
dimensions as approved by the Engineer.
The
rods
shall
have
the
approved cross-sectional area and shall be fixed accurately in the moulds. The ends of all tying wires
shall be turned into the main body of the
concrete and shall not be allowed to project towards the surface. Spacing blocks shall be used to ensure accurate cover to the reinforcement, where necessary, and these blocks
shall be of precast concrete
of a strength at least equal to that of the concrete being placed. They shall be as small as
possible in view of practicality and shall be securely fixed in position
by means of wires to be cast into them.
No temporary
supports
for
the
reinforcement
shall
be
allowed
to
be
incorporated into the finished concrete. At the
time
of
concreting
all
reinforcement shall have been thoroughly cleaned and made free
of all loss rust (crude oil or any other coatings that might destroy or reduce
the bond).
Unless otherwise specified or shown on the drawings, minimum cover shall be determined in accordance
with
ACI 318- 77 as indicated on the
following table:
Description
|
Min. cover thickness
|
||
Cast against and permanently exposed to earth
|
75
mm
|
||
Exposed to earth and weather
|
D16
and smaller
|
40
mm
|
|
D19
- D 25
|
50
mm
|
||
Not Exposed to weather and
|
Slabs and walls
|
D25
and smaller
|
20
mm
|
not in
contact
with earth
|
Beams, girder, columns
|
main bars , ties, stirrups
|
40
mm
|
PRE CAST CONCRETE
5. PRE CAST CONCRETE
5. 1 General
5.1.1 Scope of Work
Provide precast concrete panels, materials
equipments,
and
,
labors,
complete, in place, as shown on the drawings, specified herein, and as
evidently required for a complete and proper
installation
of
precast
concrete work .
5.1.2 Related
work Described
Elsewhere
a. Cast in
place concrete b. Concrete
reinforcement
5.1.3
Quality Assurance
The manufacture should demonstrate the ability
to provide the required
quality as specified on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer.
BRICK AND CONCRETE BLOCK WORK
6. BRICK AND CONCRETE BLOCK WORK
6.1 Scope of work
Furnish all labour, material
and equipment for the complete
building of brick and
concrete block work as shown on the drawings, as specified
herein and as evidently
necessary to complete the work.
6.2 Submittals
Before starting
the work the contractor shall submit the following
to the Engineer and receive
his written approval.
6.2.1 Manufacturer and sample blocks
Before precasting concrete block, the name and official address
of the concrete block
manufacturer, if the contractor intends to use a sub, contractor, sample block and sources of cement and aggregate making up the concrete block shall be submitted to the Engineer
for his written approval.
report
6.3 Materials
6.3.1 Masonry brick
Brick shall be locally available products conforming
to D.S. 3921 or equivalent
and be hard, well baked
and
shall
have
a
uniform
and
sufficient
compressive
strength
appropriate to the use. The shape of the bricks shall be rectangular. Brick used in foundation shall be misakhraj brick or
equivalent.
6.3.2 Concrete
blocks
All concrete
blocks shall conform
to ASTM C129,
B.S 2028 or equivalent unless otherwise specified as follows:
a. Concrete block shall be manufactured in accordance with the specification stated herein,
b. block shall be manufactured of Portland cement and locally available aggregate by mixing and compacting using
an electric machine,
c. block shall be reasonably uniform in compressive strength and in all dimensions and shall be straight and free
from cracks, chips or other defects.
Specification of the materials
shall be in accordance with section ( 4_2), " Concrete
work "
6.3.3 Joint mortar materials
a. cement
cement shall be specified in section 4_2_1 ( concrete work)
b. Sand
Sand shall be clean sharp, coarse, well _ graded and shall conform to ASTM C-144 (
Aggregate for Mrrary jortar ) or B»S. 1200 ( Building
sand from Natural aourcec)
c. additive
water proofing
additive shall conform
to B.S 3826 or equivalent, other admixtures, such as a type which reduces early water loss from the masonry units and produces
an expansion action in the plastic grout sufficient to off_set initial
shrinkage and promote bonding
of the grout , may be used when approved by the Engineer.
6. 4 Workmanship
6.4.1 The contractor shall provide a masonry foreman who is thoroughly
experience, competent and skilled in masonry construction .
The foremen
shall personally supervise
the mixing and placing of all mortar.
Masonry reinforcing and anchoring must be done in strict
accordance with the drawing and specifications.
6.4.3 Mixing of joint Mortar
a. Standard
proportion of mortar
mix for the joint of bricks and blocks shall be:
cement to sand = 1:3, or as directed by the Engineer,
sulphate resisting cement shall
be used in mortars below damp proof
course
b. Mixing
i. Mix mortar by mechanical mixer or by hand
on a clean level board.
ii. mix thoroughly so that all individual constituents are incorporated evenly but do not over-mix mortars containing plasticizers.
iii. Keep mixer clean at all times.
iv. Use mortar with in one hours of discharge from mixer at normal taaporturo
. In no case chalj nortor be used after the initial set has taken place. Reconstitution of mortar will not
permitted.
6.4.4 Laying units
All work shall be laid true to dimensions and be plumb, square in bond and properly anchored with vertical and horizontal straight joints
that are in line,
plumb, horizantal and true . Brick laying for protective chin for waterproofing memberane shall be laid
in running bond with standard 2_3mm joints horizontally and vertically. All surfaces of waterproof memberane to receive
briek laying shall be throughly
domed masnory mortar shall be spead over the cntir surface
of joints. laying out of the bricks shall be
arranged so that vertical joint are staggered Salf bricks or other shapes shall be used
where required, All hollow
block
shall
be
laid
cells
vertical
and
with
full
nortar
coverage on all top and side faces,
horizontally and vertically.
Cells of hollow blocks to
be grouted with concrete or nortar are those carrying
the horizontal and vertical
reinforcement and also abutting cells, with or without reinforcing, cells of hollow
block forming the cider, of entrances and doorways and cantilevered fins of walls and
those so indicated on the drawings or so required
by the Engineer.
In Icying concrete solid
blocks, pounding of comers and jambs after units liave been set in position
shall be avoided,
where an adjustment must be made after the mortar lias startde to cat, the mortar shall
be removed and replaced with fresh mortar, colls of unfinished ends
shall
not
exposed,
Bond
all
interesting
masonry
walls
together as indicated or a approved by the Engineer,
When
necessary
to
out
masonry units, preference must be given to the use of power oquipreiit . Cutting shall be
kept to a minimum.
A protective covering of mortar
shall be fornecl
around the reinforcing bars at a minimum
depth of 20 mm, laying
for brick work shall be as shown
on the drawings. when it in not specified
on the drawings, the contractor shall follow the instruction of the Engineer.
Joints of masonry units which will be exposed
or painted. form a concave
joint section.
Joints which are not to bo visible in the finished
work to be dtruck off with the trowel
as the work proceeds.
joints on the oufaces of fair_faced
work shall be finished
to provide as mooth surface flush with the brick and or block
face or a keyed joint of approved profile aa the work proceeded
All hole in corposed rjasomy
shall be repaired, and the walls pointed. Defective
joints shall be trowelled out and repointcd with nortar.
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